Some car owners for some reason still did not know that tires are summer, winter and all-season. Operate a car in the summer, clad in winter tires and winter - in summer is very dangerous. Why? Rubber compound and tread pattern of its designed to work under certain temperature and precipitation (snow, ice or rain) and a concrete road surface. In other terms, the characteristics of rubber is much worse.
In the heat of winter rubber tread is very soft, so erased, as chalk, with the slightest lateral (cornering) and longitudinal (braking, acceleration) loads. And this is accompanied by slip, ie a significant decrease in coupling properties. This increases the stopping distance and deteriorating stability and handling.
Summer protector has no lamellae and, moreover, in the cold "dubeet. This also affects the coupling properties of both asphalt and with the icy and snowy.
I'm sure many paid attention that the range of any trade mark consists of several models of tires. These tires are distinguished as the tread pattern and design of the inner "filling" and the composition of rubber compound, so the maximum permissible speed and load them different. Based on these characteristics, tire production cars can be divided into three classes - Economy (Standard), premium and sport. Model of an economy class are mainly intended for low speeds (up to 190 km / h), so in terms of benefits and security appropriate to apply them, if the machine is operated primarily in urban areas. Bus premium focus on higher speeds (up to 240 km / h). When they are created especially a lot of attention paid to design of the tread belt and cord are responsible for the stability and handling. Sport Class - rubber for production sports cars and "charged" versions of mass hatchbacks and sedans. For the professional motorsports, these products are of little use - it is mainly used special tires designed for concrete pavements.
Error number 2. Improper installationIn the study range of tires can be seen that there are several varieties of tread - the usual, ie symmetric and non-directional and directional and asymmetrical. Recent interest in that in some grooves made in the form of Norway spruce (at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the treadmill), and other tread pattern on both sides of the same longitudinal axis is different.
Directed by drawing helps to improve the efficiency of removing water from contact patch, but only if properly installed tires. Torsional flow in the opposite direction squeezing the water into the grooves directed towards the movement in the direction of the incoming flow. As a result, water is removed from the contact patch is much worse, and the wheel "floats" at a lower speed and lower depth pools. Will help avoid errors arrow on the sidewall of the labeled c rotation (from English. - Rotation), indicating the direction of rotation of the wheel. So be careful on the tire when replacing tires.
The asymmetrical tread pattern helps improve vehicle handling and stability during high speed maneuvering and cornering. Provides a more rigid outer part of the racetrack, which is the redistribution of weight during maneuvers less deformed, which increases precision. If a bus set incorrectly when maneuvering the increased load will have a less rigid "inner" part of the tread. As a result, due to the increased strain tread precision driving will decrease. It is also worth noting that asymmetric directed tires can be swapped only on one side of the machine - for example, left front to left rear.
Error number 3. Operating pressureAnother important factor that seriously affects the security - the pressure in the tires. With its increasing tire becomes more rigid, but most importantly - reduced contact area. All this adversely affects the grip and the damping characteristics of rubber, which eventually may lead to increased stopping distance. Under reduced pressure worsens the car's handling, increase rolling resistance (and therefore fuel consumption), as well as emerging threats razbortirovki tires in steep turns and abrupt maneuvers.
The great danger lies in wait for the driver and passengers in the event that pressure in the left and right wheels is different. First of all it felt under intense braking - even the ABS in this case does not always help maintain directional stability.
In the operation of the tire pressure may vary for many reasons. The main - difference in temperature. When temperature drops as the pressure can increase (during warming) and decrease (at cooling) in the range up to 0,3 bar.
Keep in mind yet another nuance - for safer operation and maintenance of the resource value of tire pressure in them before long trips need to be adjusted depending on load and projected vehicle speed. In many foreign cars have special plates, which specifies the rate for different number of passengers and baggage weight. Are these "reference" in the available places - on the inside of the tank hatch, at the end of the driver's door (or front passenger), on a stand between the doors. If this plaque is missing, you should look at the manual car.
Error number 4. Alignmentfrom the correct angles of the wheels depends on the resource bus - this truism known even by novices. But the fact that these parameters affect the security, not much is known. Thus, incorrect angles of convergence and collapse can cause the car drift to the side, which is especially dangerous at high speeds. Among other negative consequences resulting collapse of the wrong - violated the geometry of the contact patch, which causes a change (not in a good way) coupling properties of the tread and the road. As a result, worse handling and vehicle stability.
Error number 5. BalancingIf someone thinks that the wheel balancing does not affect the safety, he is profoundly mistaken. Rolling is not otbalansirovanogo wheels on the road accompanied by cyclic changes in pressure in the contact patch of the protective layer of the road surface. In this constantly changing and grip, so do not be surprised if under intense braking on a uniform coating of the car will sidetrack. Negative impact on road safety and the fact that the transmission on the steering wheel and the body vibration driver gets tired much faster. As a result, his reaction is slowed down, that in critical situations can cause an accident.
Tires, which are operated by our less than ideal roads with "emery" coating should balance more often than recommended by the automakers (for each TA). Experts recommend doing it every 8 - 10 thousand km with summer tires and every 4 - 5 thousand miles - with the winter.
Source: autocenter.uz